UAV Tracking in Lower Stratospheric Flight: A Low Cost Pilot Solution and Verification of Functionality

This research attempts to provide an investigation of the theoretical and practical aspects surrounding the use of 868 MHz and 433 MHz frequencies in the context of rotary antenna tracking systems for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flying in lower stratosphere. The preliminary phase involves a calculation of key parameters, including signal strength, noise levels and telemetry quality. The empirical evaluation is then carried out using a meteorological balloon as a surrogate for extended line-of-sight distances, providing a realistic simulation. The methodology incorporates a dual-frequency paradigm to provide an comparative analysis between practical results obtained from the experiments. The strengths and limitations associated with both 868 MHz and 433 MHz frequencies are highlighted in the paper and concluded in the results. The conclusion of this scientific exploration provides a concise summary that describes the practical implications of the comparative analysis. In addition, pragmatic recommendations are offered to optimize the performance of rotational antenna tracking systems and to address potential limitations. This paper adds to the body of knowledge in the field of UAV tracking technology and is of particular interest to researchers, engineers and practitioners wishing to improve their understanding and decision making regarding frequency selection for UAV stratospheric applications.