Two-Dimensional MoS2-Based Flexible Sensor for Sensitive, Real-Time Monitoring of Lithium-ion Battery Temperature

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electric vehicles, smart devices, and other consumer electronics. During the operation, the temperature of LIBs can be excessively increased due to overcharging and short circuit formation, which would cause safety problems such as thermal runaway and explosion. Thus, it is necessary to develop a high-performance sensor for real-time monitoring of temperature changes in LIBs to secure their safety. This paper presents a temperature sensor composed of two-dimensional (2D) MoS
2
nanolayers for the thermal characterization of LIBs. Based on the flexibility, the MoS
2
-sensor can be integrated onto the surface of LIBs without any constraints for further assembly with other components. Furthermore, the MoS
2
-sensor shows high thermal sensitivity with high linearity (R
²
of ~0.98) across a temperature range of 20-60⁰C. The temperature changes of LIBs during their charge-discharge cycles are sensitively monitored in real-time based on the temperature responses of the MoS
2
-based sensor, which would be useful for the thermal management of LIBs.