Methods, Models and Hardware-Software Complex of Distributed Monitoring Based on Iot and Blockchain Technology

This research work explores the possibility of simultaneous use of Industry 4.0 technologies, namely the Internet of Things (IoT) and distributed systems (Blockchain) for collecting, processing, storing and confirming the adequacy of environmental data characterizing the state of sources of anthropogenic impact significantly distributed throughout the study area. It also describes the dynamics of the quality of natural environments during the dispersion and accumulation of pollutants. This approach is especially important for the implementation of market relations in the field of carbon quotas giving the possibility of redistributing the area of responsibility of production enterprises. The authors have developed a subsystem of an automated environmental safety management system, including a hardware and software complex that, based on Internet of Things technology, allows for the collection and integration of heterogeneous environmental information received from various sensors with its further storage and processing in a cloud system. The proposed subsystem, based on distributed registry technology, ensures openness and accessibility of the environmental data. It suggests decentralization of subsequent management decisions, so that it includes a specialized digital platform developed by the authors. The corresponding models and algorithms are presented in the research work, and their software implementation is developed.