Evaluating Learners' Cognitive Structures Based on Mind Maps

According to the cognitivist perspective, learning is not merely the result of passive responses but includes the outcome of actively constructing cognitive structures. To optimize the learning experience, it is crucial to regularly evaluate the current cognitive structure of learners and adjust the instruction method accordingly. While traditional evaluation methods rely on concept maps and standard answers, these methods may limit learners' expression of advanced thinking and lack specific criteria for interpreting assessment results. To address these limitations, we developed a new way of evaluating cognitive structure that combines mind maps with the Structure of the Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy. This approach allows for an effective assessment of learners' cognitive structure levels, provides well-interpreted results, and may have broader applications in future work.