Optimization of Energy Storage in Distribution Networks Based on Voltage Sensitivity Offset

With the rapid development of distributed generation (DG) on a large scale, the voltage problem caused by the large-scale integration of DG into the distribution network is becoming increasingly significant. Energy storage systems (ESS) have flexible power regulation capabilities, making them an effective means of regulating the voltage of the distribution network. However, the location and capacity of the ESS connected to the distribution network will affect the effectiveness of voltage regulation and the economy of energy storage (ES) configuration. In response to the problem of ES location and capacity determination in active distribution networks, this paper proposes a method for ES access point location and capacity determination based on voltage sensitivity offset. From the perspective of improving distribution network voltage, the optimal access location and capacity allocation of ESS are studied. This method first analyzes the voltage and power sensitivity and node voltage deviation, and proposes a single period voltage sensitivity offset index based on the relationship between the voltage and power sensitivity values and voltage deviation of each node. Secondly, the time series voltage sensitivity offset index is obtained by accumulating the voltage sensitivity offsets of each period, which improves the adaptability of ES configuration in different time periods of the distribution network. Finally, based on the selected ESS access point, an particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to solve the configuration capacity of the ESS. This article conducts simulation research based on the IEEE33 node system and compares it with traditional ES configuration methods. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed method in cost savings and voltage control.