Frequency Modulation Strategy of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Adaptive Model Predictive Control

The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) battery energy storage system (BESS) based on model predictive control can not only provide virtual inertia to the power grid, but also accurately calculate the active power increment required when the load changes through the VSG prediction model, and then superimpose on the VSG for reference to effectively suppress the frequency change. However, in practical applications, the health status of energy storage batteries plays a crucial role in safe operation. To solve this problem, based on the existing research, an adaptive model predictive control (A-MPC) is proposed. The output of A-MPC is adjusted by introducing the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery to adjust the weight coefficient of the MPC cost function. The output of A-MPC is superimposed to the active power reference value of VSG to adjust the output power of the storage. The simulation results show that the proposed method can not only suppress the frequency fluctuation of the microgrid, but also effectively prevent the phenomenon of overcharge and over-discharge of the battery, and improve the safety of BESS.