Distributed Adaptive Inertia-Droop Control for Multiple VSGs to Suppress Power Oscillation

As large-scale conventional generators are gradually being replaced by renewable energy sources, the issue of system frequency stability becomes increasingly prominent. The integration of energy storage systems using virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control mechanisms is considered a crucial means to enhance system frequency stability. The theoretical analysis is conducted in this paper that multiple VSG systems may exhibit power oscillations due to mismatches between control parameter distribution and disturbance locations. To address this problem, a distributed adaptive inertial droop control strategy is proposed to mitigate power oscillations. Distributed adaptive inertial control enables rapid dynamic adjustment of rate of change of frequency for VSG. The introduced distributed adaptive droop control allows for the dynamic adjustment of damping and frequency offset of VSG without altering the overall system droop coefficients. The proposed method facilitates the dynamic tuning of inertia-droop parameter distribution to suppress power oscillations. At last, several comparison simulations have been carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed adaptive control methods.