Efficient Revenue Allocation Approach to Virtual Power Plant Operation with Electric Vehicles

This study examines the collaborative optimization strategies between the Virtual Power Plant (VPP) and the Electric Vehicle (EV) aggregator for enhancing market transaction revenues. A detailed VPP model is presented, which includes photovoltaic systems, energy storage systems, and base loads. A thorough analysis of the revenue potential of VPP in the electricity market provides a profound understanding of their operational dynamics. The study extends the research to investigate how collaborative participation between the Electric Vehicle Aggregator (EVA) and the VPP impacts revenue enhancement. It employs the Minkowski method to solve the scheduling domains of multiple electric vehicles and examines the intricate coordination necessary to optimize the usage of electric vehicle fleets. Furthermore, the implementation of Shapley values guarantees an equitable allocation of profits resulting from cooperative advantages, thereby promoting an inclusive and mutually advantageous cooperative association. Ultimately, the proposed optimization model undergoes rigorous validation through an exhaustive case study, yielding dependable empirical proof for the effective implementation of collaborative tactics in practical real-world situations.