Analysis and Measurement Methods of Transformer Vibration and Noise Characteristics

With the continuous growth of power demand and the expansion of the power system, the operating environment of power transformers is becoming increasingly complex, often accompanied by electromagnetic vibration and noise issues. Accurately measuring the noise value under its motion state is crucial for substation noise control. This article comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of strong magnetic vibration noise in transformers. Using a 500kV transformer as the experimental object, based on sound pressure method and discrete point sound intensity measurement method, a layout plan for experimental equipment measurement points is proposed. The noise, vibration, and current signals during transformer operation are measured on-site in the substation, and the correlation between different signals is analyzed through amplitude and frequency spectrum. The measurement results show that the main frequency components of the vibration and noise signals are basically consistent, and the 100Hz noise amplitude is positively correlated with the current amplitude change, fully proving the effectiveness of the proposed measurement method and measurement point layout, which has important reference value for monitoring the vibration and noise status of transformers and the development of power systems.