Design of Blind Assistive System Using Internet of Things-A Survey

Blindness, commonly denoted as visual impairment, poses challenges for individuals in performing everyday activities such as walking, reading, social interaction, and driving. This research presents an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled smart stick. The proposed smart stick incorporates features such as obstacle identification module, GPS based detection, pit and flights of stairs detection, and IoT connectivity to facilitate efficient execution of daily tasks. The obstacle identification module utilizes both ultrasonic and other sensor technologies to detect obstacles, involving the identification of obstruction patterns and recognition of obstacles as interruptions. The GPS and IoT modules determine the user's current position, and in the event of a loss, the smart stick automatically activates an alarm mode. The efficacy of the introduced functionalities is validated through various test scenarios. This technologically advanced walking sticks not only aids individuals with visual impairments but also contributes to the advancement of science and technology.