Slag: a sustainable alternative for Portland cement concrete

The extensive use of slag cement in concrete formulations, spanning well over a century and reaching both the United States and the global arena, stands as a resounding testament to its rich history and unwavering benefits. Contemporary designers, armed with a deep understanding of slag cement's ability to simultaneously enhance concrete durability and reduce life-cycle costs, have wholeheartedly embraced this remarkable material, seamlessly integrating it into their design matrices. This comprehensive review investigates into the convoluted world of slag cement utilization, methodically examining its application in a diverse array of concrete mixes and skillfully unraveling its nuanced impacts on a spectrum of material properties. The discerning findings not only provide practical guidelines for the judicious use of slag cement but also serve as an invaluable beacon, illuminating the trajectory of future research within the ever-evolving domain of concrete technology and sustainable construction practices.