Dual-Polarized Heterogeneous Stacked Patch Antenna With Stable Radiation Performance and High Efficiency

In this letter, a ±45° dual-polarized heterogeneous stacked patch antenna with stable radiation performance and high efficiency is presented for the 5G massive multiple-input–multiple-output (M-MIMO) base station. It comprises a driven metallic patch (MP) and a parasitic dielectric patch (DP), which induce low- and high-frequency resonant modes, respectively. The excitation of the top DP is achieved by the bottom MP through four supporting dielectric blocks between them, which allow for surface-mounted technology installation of the DP. Furthermore, the utilization of DP for generating high-frequency mode enables the heterogeneous antenna to have an efficiency of >90% in a bandwidth (|
S
₁₁
| < −15 dB) of 14.1% (3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz). The off-center configuration of the four dielectric blocks increases the equivalent dielectric constant of the sidewall of the heterogeneous radiator, resulting in stable radiation patterns. The variations of realized gain and half-power beamwidth are below 0.3 dBi and 5°, respectively.