Evolutionary Stages of Envelope Soliton During Laser–Plasma Interaction

In this work, we have looked into the amplitude modulation and formation of enveloping soliton in a dense plasma with thermal degeneracy pressure expressions as a strong laser beam falls on it. We have focused on the situation where an intense laser interacts with plasma and we have made use of a new topological treatment of problems containing a set of coupled differential equations. At first, we have solved the equations to arrive at the dispersion relation. We have studied phase plots using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation from where Kelvin–Helmholtz-type instabilities were observed. We have made use of the homotopy perturbation technique to find out more about the evolution of density, electric field, velocity streamlines, and the subsequent amplitude modulation with different types of nonlinearity. We identified the range of plasma and laser parameters in which such nonlinearity is important. The results obtained here will help interpret different phenomena that arise in laser–plasma interaction and plasma astrophysics where shocks solitons, and so on in dense hot plasma can be studied in laboratory scales.