Research on Simulation of Hydraulic Characteristics of Box Fishway based on FLUENT

As a new vertical slit fishway, the box fishway has many advantages, such as good fishing effect, simple structure, low economic cost, and easy standardization. There is a successful engineering practice of fishway on Qinghai Lake, but there needs to be systematic research in China. Taking the box fishway of Qinghai Lake as an example, the standard $\kappa\sim\varepsilon$ mathematical model was established by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation software, and the flow pattern, velocity distribution, and turbulent kinetic energy were analyzed in combination with the target fish. The results show that the distribution of this type of fishway rest area is suitable for the mainstream area and can produce “S” shape meandering water flow characteristics. The bottom of the box fishway has a large backflow area, and the turbulent energy in the fishway is small, which is suitable for fish to rest. The design of a vertical slit separator can effectively reduce the peak velocity and create a good flow field for fish migration.