Optimizing the Vent Location in the Battery Charging Room Under Different Ventilation Scenarios

Lead-acid batteries stored in the charging room may produce excessive hydrogen due to overcharging, which poses a high risk of hydrogen explosions. A reasonable ventilation design can prevent fire and explosion hazards. To optimize the vent configuration for the charging room, a physical model of the room under various ventilation modes was established. A numerical simulation was performed to examine the effects of vent location on hydrogen distribution within the room when using a single, dual, or mechanical ventilation source. The results showed that placing the air outlet at the top was the most effective for a single ventilation system. For dual ventilation systems and mechanical exhaust systems, the air outlet or exhaust outlet should be located on the side wall of the ambient air inlet. The findings of this study can provide guidance for the ventilation and fire protection design of the charging room.