Strategic Cyber Effects (2)

Espionage is a strategic cyber effect. Between 2002 and 2007, approximately 24,000 F‐35 drawings were exfiltrated from the United States by China. China then flew the J‐31 by 2012, its fifth‐generation fighter, with similar flight surfaces to the F‐35. In this case, the strategic cyber effect was a design time savings in the creation of a fifth‐generation strategic aircraft capability for China.Critical infrastructure is another area for strategic cyber effects, as discussed in Chapter 4. While reported electrical grid attacks are currently unique to the Ukraine, other critical infrastructure attacks include water purification, oil production, transport, rail, and food supply systems.