SARFID for Fine-Scale Localization of Passive Backscattering Devices at 2.4 GHz ISM Band

Indoor localization systems have gained prominence across various industries for their ability to determine the location of objects, people, vehicles, and assets. This paper delves into the localization of 2.4 GHz passive devices based on modulated backscattering communications with a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) approach, traditionally associated with UHF-RFID (Ultra-High-Frequency Radio Frequency IDentification) devices at around 900 MHz. The shift from 900 MHz band to the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial-Scientific-Medical) band necessitates considerations on the effects of the higher frequency on localization accuracy, antenna trajectory parameters, and synthetic array aperture. This study aims to understand the advantages and challenges of applying these techniques in an unexplored frequency range and discusses potential applications.