1-Bit Reconfigurable Transmitted/Reflected Array (TRA) for 5G/6G Wireless Communication

This paper introduces a design for a 1-bit reconfigurable Transmitted/Reflected Array (TRA), capable of electronic beamforming in both transmission and reflection. The TRA is constructed using the Unit Cells (UCs) that respond differently to TE and TM incidences. By employing the PIN diodes, the UC achieves two phase states, 0° and 180°, for the transmission and reflection, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed TRA has demonstrated independent control of the transmitted and reflected beams at the working frequency of 5.9 GHz. A peak gain of 18.1 dBi and a scanning range of 0° to 60° have been achieved in both transmission and reflection, making it suitable for applications in 5G/6G wireless communication systems.