A Small-Sized Antenna System for Direction Finding Applications on a Single Plane (1D) Using BT 5.1

In this paper, an antenna system is presented for direction finding applications on a single plane (1D). The proposed system makes use of the Angle of Arrival (AoA) capabilities of BT 5.1 and is designed to be as small as possible. Novel antenna design ideas have been implemented to reduce size and counteract antenna interferences. The antenna design process is presented in detail along with antenna results. AoA measurements are taken outdoors and indoors with the proposed 1D system and a 2D system of previous work. The AoA results reveal the recommended azimuth range of the proposed 1D system to be −60 degrees to +60 degrees, where it can achieve a CDF of 50% at 5 degrees, 90% at 14 degrees, and 95% at 18 degrees of error indoors. The performance comparison with previous work is also presented in detail.