On the Rigorous Design of Graphene-Based Periodic Structures Exploiting the Fundamental Resonances

The electromagnetic response of graphene plasmonic scatterers is realized in the present work by exploiting their natural modes. Initially, a formulation to extract the latter is presented, where the planar material is modeled as an equivalent surface current. Then, a simple disk scatterer is considered and the fundamental modes are evaluated to distinguish them between edge and bulk ones, taking into account the field distribution. Moreover, the resonance frequencies for the case of incident plane-wave scattering are connected to the characteristics of the fundamental modes. Finally, a periodic array of graphene scatterers is investigated to highlight the additional plasmonic coupling resonances, corresponding to natural modes of different attributes.