3D Spatially Reconfigurable Circularly Polarized Antenna in Package with Embedded Electronics

Low-power applications require innovative antenna systems that can radiate in the full 3D sphere while reducing power wastage. However, the complexity of feeding structures for smart radiation reconfiguration has hindered the widespread use of spatially diverse antennas in Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. Therefore, this paper introduces a 2.4 GHz Antenna-in-Package (AiP) design comprising twelve microstrip patch antennas with circular polarization (CP) arranged on the faces of a dodecahedron package. This design enables dynamic beam focusing for both gain and polarization. The electromagnetic (EM) shielded core, formed by the twelve antenna grounds, accommodates the controlling electronics without affecting antenna performance. Moreover, an embedded control printed circuit board (PCB) enables automated reconfigurability of the radiation pattern. The AiP is compatible with cost-effective additive manufacturing techniques. With this efficient 3D sphere coverage, the presented AiP and integrated digital control offer a promising solution for future wireless networks, especially in energy-constrained devices.