Nonreciprocal Metasurfaces Analyzing Temperature Characteristics

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in electromagnetic metasurfaces. This paper presents a novel, non-reciprocal, electromagnetic metasurface based on ferrite control elements. Specifically, the metasurface structure combines cylindrical ferrite elements and metal patch arrays and operates at C-band. The ferrite elements are controlled by electromagnets. A theoretical analysis based on a commercial, full-wave, electromagnetic simulator is presented to demonstrate non-reciprocal behavior in terms of S21 and S12 parameters. Experimental results are presented to confirm theoretical predictions. A detailed, investigation in to the thermal dependence of the electromagnetic characteristics of the metasurface are presented and analyzed.