Power Oscillation Damping of a Wind Turbine Generation with Battery Energy to Smoothen Power System Stability

Integrating wind turbine generation (WTG) into the power grid presents challenges due to their variable and unpredictable output, creating instability. The intermittent nature of wind power and the reduced inertia of wind turbines pose significant challenges to maintaining power system stability, especially during grid faults and transient events. Intermittency can impact the electrical grid's stability and requires additional grid balancing and energy storage measures. This study proposes a Power Oscillation Damping (POD) control scheme integrated with battery energy to enhance WTG stability following grid faults. The proposed scheme combines a POD controller for WTG and a battery controller, demonstrating faster oscillation damping than a WTG without batteries. During damping control, the scheme prioritizes active power control of POD, utilizing the wind turbine's kinetic energy. Simultaneously, the reactive power control of POD adjusts based on the synchronous generator's rotational speed to maintain voltage stability. Feedback for both control loops is derived from the nearest synchronous generator, ensuring coordinated and responsive control. Adding a battery into the control scheme helps to smooth out power fluctuations and enhance stability. Therefore, it is possible to compensate for the intermittency of wind power and voltage drop after short-circuit events through various measures, such as advanced control systems and battery power. The effectiveness of this proposed control scheme, with the added integration of Battery Energy, is validated through the PSCAD simulator involving a short-circuit fault in a two-area power system. Results demonstrate a notable improvement in power system stability, particularly after grid faults.