An Optimal Cluster Head Selection Mechanism for Underwater Wireless Communication

Underwater Wireless Communication (UWC) is a growing field of interest driven by technological advancements offering extensive data collection and communication capabilities. However, the UWC networks confront different challenges compared to conventional networks. To address these challenges, one of the paramount technique is clustering that increases the robustness of data transmission in the UW network. In this approach, a cluster head (CH) is appointed to lead a group of sensor nodes, perform data acquisition, and distribute tasks. Therefore, the selection of optimal CHs is a crucial aspect in ensuring robust underwater connectivity. In order to address the issue, this study suggests an optimization technique for selecting the CHs based on the minimization of power consumption and security risk of the sensor nodes in the network. The proposed Binary Integer Programming (BIP) model optimally selects CHs demonstrating reduced power consumption and security risks including minimization of potential costs. To solve this optimization problem, IBM ILOG CPLEX Studio is utilized. The simulation results affirm the model's significant performance gain by reducing the power consumption and security risk contributing to extended network lifetime and reliable data transmission.