Thermal Management of Li-ion Battery by Dual Cooling Systems

In this era of electric vehicles, the usage of Lithium-ion batteries as a power source has increased rapidly. From the early 2010s, the transition from ICE vehicles to E-vehicles has started slowly. So requirement for storage of energy has arised. So batteries fulfil the need of storage of energy. Many types of batteries were tested in Electric vehicles over the years. The test results proved that Lithium-ion batteries gave the best results as lithium-ion batteries have high specific energy, high energy density, long durability, low self-discharging, and longer shelf life. So, it emerged as a key component in Electric vehicles as a reliable power source. But to maintain its efficiency, performance and life, the battery needs a proper cooling system. If the battery reaches extreme temperatures, it may result in short circuit, explosion, and other safety hazards. So here, an integrated cooling system (external and internal) is used to control the temperature of the battery by using power minimally from the battery. This work describes about the effective and efficient methods involved in cooling the battery both externally and internally which ensures the smooth working of the battery without any sudden surge in the temperature of the battery in any load conditions. The area of cooling systems for batteries has gained more importance because of safety hazards due to the temperature rise in the battery. The advantages and disadvantages of the devised methods are thoroughly investigated, and also with regard to the compatibility of these methods to the proposed Lithium-ion battery to be used in the EV.