Research on Road Extraction From High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Based on Improved UNet++

To address the challenges of road extraction in high-resolution remote sensing images, this paper presents an enhanced UNet++ road extraction method that incorporates CBAM. The original UNet++ network is referenced, and the loss function is improved by introducing a new joint loss function. The enhanced UNet++ network utilizes an attention mechanism to enhance the network’s ability to identify road features, thereby improving the accuracy of road extraction. Additionally, a new joint loss function is employed to enhance the network’s stability and further improve its road extraction capability. Experimental validation is performed on the Massachusetts roads dataset and DeepGlobal road dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that this method outperforms U-Net, SegNet, and UNet++ networks in terms of IoU, Recall, OA, and Kappa. Specifically, on the Massachusetts road dataset, the OA and Kappa values are 94.92% and 0.9202, respectively. On the DeepGlobal road dataset, the OA and Kappa values for this algorithm are 98.12% and 0.9515, respectively. The ablation experiment confirms the effectiveness of the proposed enhancements. In conclusion, this paper presents a method that effectively extracts roads from high-resolution remote sensing images, exhibits a certain level of generalization ability, and can provide valuable support for road protection and planning.