Leveraging multi-source earth observations for high resolution mapping of Precipitable Water Vapor

Temporally differenced and spatially distributed precipitable water vapor (PWV) maps are generated with a high spatial and temporal resolution using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). InSAR analysis of 8 Sentinel 1-A images over a small area in Uttarakhand (UK), India, from March 2021 to August 2021, is used to identify the total tropospheric delay. Hydrostatic delay components are accurately calculated and subtracted using ERA-5 reanalysis data. The resulting InSAR-derived PWV maps are calibrated using GPS measurements, and data at Dehradun is validated using INSAT 3DR sounder PWV. These high-resolution PWV maps hold great promise for enhancing meteorological understanding and quantitative analysis, specially during heavy rainfall in a complex terrain like UK.