Component-Based System Model Design of Multiple- Fault Injection Framework for DCV and Heating Systems

Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are crucial for providing thermal comfort and maintaining indoor air quality. Demand-Controlled Ventilation (DCV), as a type of HVAC system, optimizes fresh air supply based on occupant's demands while integrating with the heating system to ensure comfort and energy efficiency. However, modeling DCV and heating systems for large-scale buildings poses challenges due to complexity, limited data availability, time consumption, resource intensity, and lack of standardization. Moreover, system complexity makes HVAC systems prone to faults, resulting in increased energy consumption, discomfort, poor indoor air quality, and infrastructure risks. A generic Fault Injection (FI) framework that supports multiple fault injections in realistic scenarios is an effective tool for evaluating the reliability of these complex systems. The design challenge here is the complexity of interconnected systems and components. This paper resolves this challenge by introducing a component-based system model design integrated with an automatic multiple-fault injection framework. This approach enhances the efficiency of DCV and heating systems, reducing energy waste, improving indoor air quality, and lowering maintenance costs. The validation phase of the research demonstrates an accurate component-based system model configuration ensembles for multiple fault scenarios at different attributes.