Optimizing Wireless Sensor Networks: Dynamic Load Balancing Strategy with AOMDV Routing

Congestion occurs in MANET due to insufficient bandwidth or heavy network load. The Adhoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing algorithm offers several routes to reach the destination. However, it prioritizes a single route with a lower hop count and disregards routes with higher hop counts. In the event of a connection breakdown, these multiple routes act as backup routes for data transmission. Shifting the load to these routes is necessary to optimize bandwidth capacity usage. This research introduces the Efficient Load Balancing AOMDV (ELAOMDV) Scheme, which incorporates delay estimation rate control. This scheme details the number of packets not successfully received at the destination. The fluctuation in the transmission rate is calculated by considering the delay of successful acknowledgements. The proposed approach seeks to reduce the likelihood of congestion and distribute the workload evenly across a particular link. Other routes are used to spread the load in the network if rate control is not successful in reducing the excessive load. Performance comparisons between ELAOMDV and the earlier MAODV method show that ELAOMDV produces better outcomes.