Microgrid System Modelling and Performance Analysis: Analysis from Case Studies

Microgrid represents an independent electrical system that seamlessly integrates diverse energy sources, energy storage units, and electrical loads. It operates autonomously or in coordination with the primary power grid to ensure a dependable and efficient electricity supply to specific regions or communities. This research conducts a comprehensive examination of foundational microgrid systems through three diverse case studies, emphasizing small-scale microgrids with varying energy sources and control methodologies. The primary objective is to gain insights into the performance and optimization of distributed resources under diverse operational conditions. Case studies include a DC microgrid with backup storage and PV panel, a hybrid AC microgrid with PV and energy storage, and a unique PV array and fuel cell combination. The findings underscore the importance of advanced control methods, efficient energy storage, and diverse renewable sources in microgrid optimization. The research contributes valuable insights for addressing challenges in renewable integration, rural electrification, grid resilience, and community-based microgrids, establishing a foundational knowledge base for future advancements in sustainable and reliable energy solutions.