Varieties of Nonlinear Ion-Acoustic Waves in Superthermal Plasma Within Titan’s Ionosphere

The present study focuses on investigating the properties of finite nonlinear ion-electrostatic pulses in a multicomponent plasma consisting of two positive ions and superthermal electrons. Understanding the behavior and characteristics of these pulses is crucial for gaining insights into the dynamics and phenomena occurring within these plasmas. Here, hydrodynamic equations that account for both ions and superthermal electrons are used to derive a Sagdeev potential as an analytical tool to analyze the pulses. The aim of the investigation is to explore the conditions under which large-amplitude solitary waves can exist in this plasma system. Numerical analysis techniques are also employed to examine how various plasma parameters influence the characteristics of these solitary waves by analyzing their corresponding Sagdeev potentials. A novel direct method is further applied to investigate the basic behavior exhibited by electrostatic excitations within this system by solving potential equations directly. This research not only sheds light on fundamental aspects but also reveals new solutions within these potentials that allow for different types of wave propagation, including solitary or explosive pulses as well as periodic or shock-like waves. The findings from this investigation have significant implications for furthering the understanding of complex plasmas and may help in identifying ionized particles escaping from Titan’s atmosphere.