Patch Antenna Design Using DGS Technique for Early Detection of Brain Tumor at Stages I to V

This research paper introduces a novel compact and high-gain antenna utilizing Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technology. The antenna is constructed using a semi-flexible material called ROGERS 5880, which has a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0004. The antenna has overall dimensions of 40 mm by 50 mm by 1.7 mm (0.29 in by 0.2 in by 0.009 in). The typical rectangular patch is modified by incorporating circular DGS slot into it. Decrease the resonant frequency and modify the partial ground plane to improve the operational bandwidth. The ultimate prototype antenna model operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and has a bandwidth of -10 dB, which corresponds to a range of 700 MHz. The antenna's primary application is used to identify the brain tumors, specifically targeting a 2mm radius within the brain. The antenna's performance evaluation involves testing with six-layer brain tissues utilizing the CST (Computer Simulation Technology) platform. Furthermore, the antenna is simulated and subjected to rigorous testing in close proximity to the human body, demonstrating excellent performance. Results indicate the antennas' effectiveness, highlighting their potential as a cost-efficient alternative to existing technologies and focusing on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values generated by this antenna fall below the established safety thresholds, ensuring its safe and effective use for diagnosing brain tumors.