Enhancement of LFC-AVR Combined System by Using Fuzzy PID Controller

Maintaining the system terminal voltage and the area frequency at their nominal values is a significant challenge for power system operators. Thus, this paper proposes a control strategy to enhance the Load Frequency Control (LFC) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) combined system by using fuzzy logic-based PID for the LFC circuit and trial-and-error based PID for the AVR circuit. The validation of the proposed controller is proven through comparison with several conventional controllers used in the combined system. The proposed controller proves its superiority in enhancing the transient response of the system. Finally, the robustness of the proposed system is examined under various operational disturbances, underscoring its reliability in upholding stable system voltage and frequency. The proposed controller consistently shows less undershoot compared to conventional techniques, with reductions ranging from 13% to 47.