Building a Forest Fire Digital Twin Based on the Aerial Photography Data

The paper is devoted to solving the problem of prediction of the spreading forest fire front based on operational data from the fire area aerial photography using the aircraft type unmanned aerial vehicles (AT UAV). The article substantiates relevance of the research topic, possibility and feasibility of using the AT UAVs to collect data on a forest fire in real time. A mathematical model is described to assess image distortions due to the AT UAV significant displacement during the photography. Based on the obtained mathematical model, data on the maximum speed of the forest fires spreading, data on tactical and technical characteristics of the modern AT UAVs and technical characteristics of the imaging equipment in the visible and infrared spectral range, advantages and possibilities of using the AT UAVs in the forest fires monitoring are substantiated. The paper proposes the software and hardware system architecture for implementing technology in constructing a forest fire digital twin. The system operation algorithm is described, and an example of the operator workstation software implementation is provided depicting data on the territory actually traversed by the fire and results of operational forecasting of its further spreading.