Reconfigurable IoT Solution for Train Integrity and Monitoring

This article proposes an IoT system that ensures the integrity and monitoring of railway circulating material, where the network is self reconfigurable and its devices are not physically connected or used with redundancy. The system is based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) that facilitates communication among devices and transmits data from train sensors to a gateway while considering power consumption. Bluetooth low energy (BLE) mesh features enable the relay of data between devices and the network reconfiguration. If network reconnection is not possible, the device can use LoRa communication to report its position directly to the control center. Different disposition conditions were applied to the WSN, and the results indicate that this system is viable in terms of network configuration and self regeneration. Furthermore, it has a current consumption of less than 1 mA during its low power mode,with the integrity of a 50 node model train can be reported in an average time of 2.63 s.