An Iterative 2-D DOA Estimation Approach for L-shaped Nested Array

The problem of two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for L-shaped nested array is considered, and an iterative approach based on tensor modeling is proposed. To develop such an approach, a high-order tensor is designed to collect the received signals of the subarrays in difference co-array domain. By exploiting the Vandermonde structure of the factor matrices, the sources azimuth and elevation angles can be estimated via tensor decomposition. The cross term of the received signal, which seriously degrades the estimation performance, can be estimated and removed by iterative procedure using also the DOA estimates obtained by tensor decomposition. Consequently, the 2-D DOA estimation performance can be improved gradually after sufficiently many iterations. Simulation results validate the proposed 2-D DOA estimation approach and demonstrate its effectiveness.