Smart Parking Systems: Comprehensive Review Based on Technological Perspective

With the constant expansion of urban smartification, this article focuses on smart parking. This research has introduced infrastructure in this area, although the use of these parking facilities is increasing. Smart parking is evaluated through the presentation of technologies and control of information management, such as sensors and communication methods. A comprehensive framework design enables the identification of unused or occupied parking areas and the control of entry and exit flows within smart parking procedures, leveraging the capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT). This greatly facilitates management for both administrators and drivers, thereby reducing waste of time. In addition, entry and exit controls can be automated, eliminating the need for human intervention and leading to the creation of an autonomous smart parking system, incorporating suitable sensor technologies, to achieve self-sustainability. In order to guarantee the systematic management of smart parking procedure, cloud computing and fog computing are being introduced in order to improve reliability and user satisfaction.