An Anonymous and Secure Data Transmission Mechanism With Trajectory Tracking for D2D Relay Communication in 3GPP 5G Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communication, as a traffic offloading technology in the fifth-generation (5G) network, can be widely used in several scenarios to provide 5G characteristics of higher speed, lower latency, and larger capacity. D2D data transmission over wireless channels among mobile devices is vulnerable to security threats and privacy violations from third parties and relay nodes. However, academia and industry have yet to propose relevant schemes or standards for D2D relay data transmission scenarios. We first propose a generic construction for D2D relay communication in this paper. Then, a concrete anonymous and secure D2D data transmission scheme with trajectory tracking is presented based on Chebyshev polynomials, hash-based message authentication code, and symmetric encryption. We employ a formal verification tool - Tamarin, modal logic analysis - BAN logic, and informal security analysis to demonstrate the security features of the proposed scheme. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme can achieve desirable efficiency compared with other related schemes. Finally, we developed an APP, ‘D2DWatchmen’, to simulate the whole protocol and test its robustness and real execution time, where the result shows good availability and effectiveness.