Comprehensive Insight into the Operational Dynamics of TCM-Based Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) Two-Level Three-Phase Inverters for Electric Vehicle (EV) Motor-Drive Applications

This paper introduces a novel triangular-current mode (TCM), zero-voltage switching (ZVS) two-level three-phase inverter, specifically designed to enhance the performance of the electric vehicle (EV) drive system. The primary objective is to enhance the inverter efficiency by minimizing turn-on and turn-off switching losses while mitigating electromagnetic interference (EMI) by generating sinusoidal output waveforms. The distinctive feature of this inverter lies in its gate driver, which executes the current modulation scheme. Achieving ZVS during turn-on involves the gate driver sensing the switch voltage and turning it on at zero voltage, utilizing TCM. For turn-off ZVS, the gate driver monitors the switch current, turning it off when it exceeds a predefined reference value. With a carefully placed snubber capacitor, turn-off ZVS is achieved. The implemented current modulation scheme yields an efficiency exceeding 99% for a 10 kW power rating. The sinusoidal output waveforms not only enhance motor lifespan by safeguarding against sharp-edge voltages but also offer benefits like reduced switch stress and simplified thermal management.