Location-Aided Fast Beam Tracking Algorithm for Millimeter-Wave V2I

This article proposes a millimeter-wave fast beam tracking algorithm for moving vehicles, considering a geometry of road environment. Focusing on the fact that vehicle movement is constrained on roads, horizontal and vertical beam directions are determined based on obtainable driving direction and road shape. In addition, we perform a two-pattern beam selection for the vehicle's forward and rearward directions to estimate the beam tracking speed. By conducting simulations using SUMO, which emulates vehicle movement on various roads, we verified the effective operation of the proposed scheme and confirmed its superiority over the existing beam sweeping approach.