Optimization of Heliostat Field Arrangement Model Based on Geometric Relationship and Particle Swarm Algorithm

With the continuous progress of photovoltaic (PV) technology and the steady reduction of related costs, solar energy, as an important renewable energy source, shows an increasingly strong competitiveness in energy market competition. In the tower solar thermal power station, the arrangement of the heliostat field directly affects the power generation efficiency of the tower power generation system as well as the working cost. Therefore, this paper presents a model based on geometric relationship and particle swarm algorithm for the optimization of the heliostat field arrangement, mathematical modeling and calculating cosine efficiency, truncation efficiency, etc., and effectively improves the output thermal power as well as the optical efficiency of the heliostat field. Geometric planning is utilized to determine the location of the absorption tower, the coordinates of the heliostat arrangement and other layout parameters to optimize the layout of the tower solar system. Drawing on the idea of clustering, the model analyzes the characteristics of the heliostat mirrors in the same region, uses same or similar parameters to minimize the cost of computation, improving the overall optical efficiency of the mirror field. The particle swarm algorithm is utilized to solve the parameters such as mirror length and mirror width of the heliostat to get the suitable size of the heliostat for the heliostat mirror field. After completing all the calculation and optimization steps, the final solution of the model is carried out in this paper. The layout scheme of the heliostat field optimized by the implementation of the model gets a significant performance improvement. Specifically, the average annual thermal power output of the heliostat field is improved by 33.2309 MW, while the average annual optical efficiency is also improved by 43.2%. These improvements effectively enhance the power generation efficiency of the whole system, confirming the effectiveness of the optimization method in this paper.