Radiation Efficiency Improvement of Patch Antennas Using Bending Structures

Patch antennas have low radiation efficiency when there is high loss in substrate with low profile. To address this issue, a bending structure on the narrow edge of the patch antenna is designed in this paper. The current distribution of the proposed antenna is analyzed to show the mechanism behind the efficiency improvement. The simulated results indicate that the value of radiation efficiency is improved by more than 15%. In addition, the relative bandwidth of the antenna is increased to 18%.