Energy Trading Mechanism of Community Microgrid Based on Main-Side Consortium Blockchain

Considering the distributed characteristics of energy transactions in most microgrid systems, our study proposes a community microgrid energy transaction mechanism based on the main-side consortium blockchain, which aims to encourage honest transactions among diverse transaction entities within the microgrid. To achieve this, we first introduce an aggregation agent to partition the energy transaction scenario into two layers and construct a two-layer energy transaction framework for the microgrid using the main-side chain management approach, which enhances the system's scalability. In addition, we employ electric vehicles (EVs) for energy balancing services, which can reduce the dependence on the main grid in a more economical way and mitigate the negative impact of disorderly charging of electric vehicles on the grid. Furthermore, we design a contribution evaluation mechanism to quantify user contributions within the microgrid system and integrate the contribution evaluation into both the transaction process and the consensus process, which ultimately enhances the quality of distributed trading and ensures the stability of system operations. Through case analysis and numerical simulation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed transaction mechanism, which shows that it can improve the overall utility of the system. This research has the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient energy systems.