Human Verification System based on DNA Biometrics

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a fundamental biological macromolecule primarily responsible for storing genetic information. In the realms of forensic science and paternity determination, the central objective is often the establishment of human identity, a task frequently achieved through the analysis of DNA profiles. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) marker analysis is a widely trusted method for this purpose. DNA is uniform across all cell nuclei in the human body, whether found in blood, skin, saliva, or hair follicles, making DNA a reliable means of distinguishing individuals, excluding identical twins. Recent advances have seen the incorporation of various identification techniques into human verification systems, particularly within forensic medicine. The aim of this review was to provide an illustrative overview of systems developed for identifying individuals based on DNA markers, offering an exceptionally secure and reliable means of confirming one’s identity. Additionally, to address the limitations of traditional authentication methods such as passwords, PIN codes, or physical tokens by leveraging DNA biometrics, which is inherently more reliable and resistant to tampering.