Band gap Analysis of Undoped and Doped Photo anode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have amassed conspicuous contemplation as a convalescent anomalous to traditional solar cells due to their tending cost-effectiveness and capability for efficient light harvesting. Titanium dioxide $(TiO_{2})$, as photo anode, a widely used semiconducting material in DSSCs, plays a pivotal role in electron transport and charge separation processes. In this study, the effects and performance of doped and undoped titanium dioxide in DSSCs has been investigated. Undoped TiO
2
serves as the reference material, providing a benchmark for comparison with doped TiO
2
. The introduction of 0.1% Magnesium (Mg) dopant aims to enhance the photoelectric properties of TiO
2
by attuning its band gap, charge carrier concentration, and charge transport properties. The hydrothermal synthesis fabrication technique is used for both undoped and doped Titanium dioxide films. The morphological characteristic is analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with particle size of Undoped TiO
2
to be 67nm and 0.1% Magnesium doped TiO
2
to be 59nm. The optical properties of the films are pored over through techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy. Doping influences the light absorption range and optical bandgap of Titanium dioxide, thereby affecting the overall photo conversion efficiency. Undoped TiO
2
shown the bandgap to be 3.59 nm and Mg doped TiO
2
to be 3.51 nm.The results demonstrate that doping TiO
2
can significantly augment the efficiency of DSSCs by improving light absorption, reducing charge recombination, and enhancing charge carrier transport. This study provides valuable apprehensions into the impact of Magnesium doping on the properties of TiO
2
in DSSCs and highlights the potential for further optimization of dopant types and concentrations to maximize the efficiency of dyesensitized solar cells. The findings contribute to the ongoing efforts in developing advanced materials for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs).