Designing a Robust Control System Based on Sliding Mode Control for Two-axis Gimbal Systems

Two-axis gimbals are used in stabilizing and controlling the aiming of optical systems. The main task is to isolate the angular motion of the payload and the disturbances affecting the optical axis of the camera while maintaining the camera’s orientation locked onto the target. Currently, two commonly used gimbal structures are the Yaw-Pitch type and the Roll-Swing type. In this paper, we delve into an in-depth study to develop the full mathematical models for both types, thereby analyzing and evaluating the influence of the cross-channel noise moment effects caused by gimbal imbalance on the stability and aiming control quality under complex angular motion conditions of the payload. Simulation results conducted using MATLAB/SIMULINK with the two-axis gimbal model demonstrate that employing a robust control system significantly reduces the impact of disturbances and enhances the quality of control and stability of the transmission system.