Versatile Solar Pump Controller for Various Applications

The agriculture industry is in a constant state of transformation, with ongoing upgrades in farming equipment, agricultural infrastructure, and production facilities. Solar panels offer versatile solutions with myriad applications in farming. However, the substantial investment made by both farmers and governments in Solar PV pumping systems is underutilized, as these systems operate for just 150 days annually, essentially half the year. To maximize the potential of solar photovoltaic systems, which generate electricity year-round during sunny hours, it is crucial for the controllers installed in these solar pumping systems to serve multiple purposes, catering to a variety of agricultural and other farmer needs. This single solar-powered product has the capability to operate a wide range of applications, including water pumping, a mobile application, soil conditioning sensors, an ultrasonic sensor, a Bluetooth module, a battery, and an Arduino Uno board.Such diversification has the potential to significantly boost agricultural productivity and, in turn, increase farmer incomes.The primary aim of this study is to create remotely accessible, multi-mode, cost-effective, simple, highly reliable, and environmentally friendly solar water pumping systems that offer financial benefits to Indian farmers year-round. Solar water pumps have the potential to greatly benefit Indian farmers by providing both a consistent water supply and an additional source of income.