Energy Consumption Prediction and Optimization of Electric Vehicles Based on RLS and Improved SOA

The new energy vehicle industry is facing new challenges. To predict and optimize the energy consumption of electric vehicles, this study predicts energy consumption based on the energy consumption characteristics of the electric vehicle power system and air conditioning system, and combines path optimization algorithms for energy-saving path planning. The study first improves the recursive least squares algorithm by combining the forgetting factor, and constructs a vehicle energy consumption identification model based on the improved recursive least squares algorithm and neural network. Then, a path optimization model based on improved seagull optimization is established using chaotic mapping strategy and t-distribution to improve the seagull optimization algorithm. The results showed that the predicted final energy consumption of the model constructed in the study was 2.81kW.h, with an error rate of 5.1%. The improved seagull optimization algorithm obtained an optimal solution of 30.88m for burma14 and 423.74m for oliver30, which were consistent with the published optimal solutions. When the air conditioning was turned on, the energy consumption of the path selected by the algorithm was reduced by about 5.6%. Under the condition of not turning on the air conditioning, the energy consumption of the path selected by the algorithm was reduced by about 4.98%. In summary, the model constructed through research has good application effects in predicting and optimizing vehicle energy consumption. The contribution of the research lies in it helps to reveal the laws of energy utilization in electric vehicles, improve the economy, safety, and environmental friendliness of electric vehicles during operation, and promote the overall management of new energy vehicles.