Dual-Band Full-Duplex Compact Antenna for Vehicular Application

The continuous increase in demand for high-speed wireless communication in vehicles has led to the need for efficient, compact, and reliable antenna systems that simultaneously operate in multiple frequency bands. This paper presents the design and analysis of a compact dual-band full duplex (DBFD) antenna with a hexagon patch and cross-coupling topology for vehicular applications. It is evident from the analysis that the proposed design works at its fundamental mode (TM
10
) for the desired frequency band. The presented antenna is designed to achieve full duplex operation, i.e., enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of information in two different frequency bands (3.7-3.96 GHz and 5.5-5.94 GHz), respectively. The gain of the simulated design in the lower and upper bands is around 5.2 and 8 dB, respectively. This antenna exhibits desirable characteristics, such as stable radiation patterns, third-order filtering response, and better isolation across the desired frequency bands. The proposed antenna presents a compact size, wideband performance, and feasibility to work in vehicular environments.