Design of a Semi-Circular Finger Shaped Antenna with Metamaterial Loaded Ground for Brain Tumor Detection and Localization

In this communication, an innovative finger shaped antenna with unidirectional radiation pattern resonating at 2.8 GHz in free space and having an operational bandwidth of 0.6 GHz for Tumor detection and localization system is proposed. The reported design has minimal footprint area of $28\times 28\times 0.75$ mm
³
and showcases the remarkable results. The prospective antenna is designed on a Rogers TMM 4 substrate with the relative permittivity of 4.5 and utilizes a partial ground plane measuring 6 mm in length to expand the bandwidth and achieve the desired operational frequency. The humanoid head phantom comprising of 6 layers (brain, CSF, dura, skull, fat and skin) and the tumor, which possesses various physical and electromagnetic characteristics is designed within the HFSS. The detection of tumor in brain is done by analyzing the difference in scattering parameters for healthy and diseased tissue. However, the localization and sizing of the tumor is done by extracting the phase and magnitude of the electric field rather than utilizing complex imaging algorithms saving critical resources. Furthermore, the antenna’s Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) for a regular head phantom and a phantom with a tumor is measured at 0.16779 W/Kg and 0.206 W/kg correspondingly, while these values are lesser than the average SAR of 2 W/kg.